Review sheet #2 short answers

Here are some good quotes that may give some guidance on the short answers for review sheet #2 questions 1-3.

1. “To what level of performance are employers entitled? Optimal performance, or some lower level? But that does not necessarily mean that the employer has a right to a maximum or optimal level of performance, a level above and beyond a certain level of acceptability. If the person is producing what is expected, knowledge of drug use on the grounds of production is irrelevant since, by this hypothesis, the production is satisfactory.
2. “First it must be understood that one cannot justify the position that shareholder concerns take precedence over all other groups simply by appeal to the fact that shareholders are the legal owners of the corp. In that case, all one has done is provide a definition of the term shareholder; one has yet to provide a morally relevant reason for privileging the interests of that group. The natural tack at this point is to assert that a legal owner has property rights that allow her to dispose of her property in any manner she see fit. According to Maitland, shareholders have taken a risk in placing their money in the hands of the corporation, and are thereby due compensation in the form of having their interests given privilege over those of other parties. While the workers investment in a corp is not of the same sort as the shareholders, it constitutes a risk nevertheless, and so there workers position is not dissimilar to that of the shareholder. More importantly, shareholders tend to think of themselves not as owners of the corporation, but rather as investors in it. For the vast majority of shareholders, dabbling in the stock market is something chosen for its high rate of return, not in order to become a corporate owner. Thus, it is hard to understand how the investor himself, management, and the company’s employees.
3. “The conclusion is that congestion charging not only improves efficiency, it also redistributes money by raising more tax from the rich.”we pay for what we use, pricing should reflect damage